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During the POLARCAT-France airborne measurement campaign in spring 2008,several pollution plumes transported from mid-latitude regions wereencountered. The study presented here focuses on air masses from twodifferent geographic origins (Europe and Asia) and from 2 different sourcetypes (anthropogenic pollution and forest fires). A first case study isdedicated to a European air mass, which was repeatedly sampled and analysedduring three consecutive days. Thereby, the evolution of the aerosolproperties (size distributions, CO mixing ratio) is characterised and relatedprocesses are discussed. In particular, the role of coagulation,condensation and cloud processing in the evolution of the Aitken and theaccumulation mode particles are contrasted.  A second case study focuses on European air masses impacted solely by biomassburning emissions and Asian air masses with contributions from both biomassburning and anthropogenic emissions. The analysis of aerosol modes highlighta similar behaviour for particle originating from biomass burning (from Europeas well as Asia). In comparison to the predominating aged accumulation modein biomass burning particles, a still larger aerosol accumulation moderelated to Asian anthropogenic emissions can be isolated. These findingscorroborate the external mixing of such kind of aerosol size distributions.An electron microscopy study (coupled to X-ray elemental analysis) ofparticles illustrated soot-like inclusions in several samples. Within samplesattributed to forest fire sources, the chemical signature is highlyassociated with the presence of potassium, which is a characteristic tracerelement for biomass burning plumes. The single particle images suggest aninternal mixing of sampled individual aerosol particles. Thus, particles arefound externally mixed as demonstrated from particle size distributions whilethey appear internally mixed at the particle scale

Anthropogenic and forest fire pollution aerosol transported to the Arctic: observations from the POLARCAT-France spring campaign