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The effect of photochemical ageing and initial pre- cursor concentration on the composition and hygroscopic properties of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formed dur- ing the chamber photo-oxidation of -caryophyllene/NOx mixtures were investigated. Nucleation of -caryophyllene SOA particles occurred almost immediately after oxidation was initiated and led to the formation of fresh SOA with a relatively simpler composition than has been reported for monoterpenes. The SOA yield values ranged from 9.5- 26.7 % and 30.4-44.5 % using a differential mobility particle sizer (DMPS) and an aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) mass based measurements, respectively. A total of 20 compounds were identified in the SOA by LC-MS/MS, with the most abundant compounds identified as -caryophyllonic acid and -caryophyllinic acid/ -nocaryophyllonic acid. The O : C and H : C elemental ratios of products identified in the con- densed phase ranged from 0.20 to 1.00 and 1.00 to 2.00, with average values of 0.39 and 1.58, respectively. The increase in the O : C ratio was associated with a decrease in the satu- ration concentration of the identified compounds. The com- pounds identified in the lower initial concentration experi- ments were more oxidised compared to those that were found to be more abundant in the higher initial concentration exper-

atmospheric chemistry and physics

The effect of photochemical ageing and initial precursor concentration on the composition and hygroscopic properties of β-caryophyllene secondary organic aerosol