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Aerosols containing biological components can have a significant effect onhuman health by causing primarily irritation, infection and allergies.Specifically, airborne fungi can cause a wide array of adverse responses inhumans depending on the type and quantity present. In this study we usedchemical biomarkers for analyzing fungi-containing aerosols in the easternMediterranean region during the year 2009 in order to quantify annual fungalabundances. The prime marker for fungi used in this study was ergosterol,and its concentrations were compared with those of mannitol and arabitolwhich were recently suggested to also correlate with fungal sporesconcentrations (Bauer et al., 2008a). Back trajectoryanalysis, inorganic ions, humidity and temperature were used in an attemptto identify sources as well as the dependence on seasonal and environmentalconditions. We found that the ambient concentrations of ergosterol, arabitoland mannitol range between 0 and 2.73 ng m−3, 1.85 and 58.27 ng m−3,5.57 and 138.03 ng m−3, respectively. The highest levels forall biomarkers were during the autumn, probably from local terrestrialsources, as deduced from the inorganic ions and back trajectory analysis.Significant correlations were observed between arabitol and mannitol duringthe entire year except for the winter months. Both sugars correlated withergosterol only during the spring and autumn. We conclude that mannitol andarabitol might not be specific biomarkers for fungi and that the observedcorrelations during spring and autumn may be attributed to high levels ofvegetation during spring blossoms and autumn decomposing

Ergosterol, arabitol and mannitol as tracers for biogenic aerosols in the eastern Mediterranean