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The aim of this study was to determine the effect of metal-tipped,\udplastic-tipped, and electronic ear tags on the likelihood of infection using\udinfrared thermography and to evaluate the effect on welfare by examining the\udbehavioral responses of the lambs. Ninety lambs with an average age of\ud6 months were used in this study. Before the application of the ear tags,\udinfrared images of the right and left ears of the lambs were taken with the\udthermal camera and the infrared temperatures were recorded. Measurements were\udrepeated on days 1, 4, 10, and 30 after the ear tag application. The mean of\udinfrared ear temperatures on days 0, 1, 4, 10, and 30 were found to be 14.60, 23.20,\ud23.77, 20.36, and 17.61 °C for the metal-tipped ear tag group; 15.69,\ud21.50, 20.42, 18.00, and 16.39 °C for the plastic-tipped ear tag group;\udand 15.17, 29.47, 27.49, 25.93, and 20.61 °C for the electronic ear tag group. The infrared temperatures on days 1, 4, and 10 in the control and\udexperimental groups were significantly different from each other\ud(<i>P</i> < 0.001). The plastic-tipped ear tags caused fewer problems and\udare preferred to the traditional ear tags with metal tips. The electronic ear\udtags caused more inflammatory reactions compared to metal- or plastic-tipped\udear tags. The infrared thermography method may be used as a useful tool in the\udearly detection of the inflammatory reactions and infections caused by the\udapplication of ear tags

The use of infrared thermography for welfare assessment during the application of ear tags to lambs