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The goal of this work was to check whether selection for quantitativetraits may cause a change in the histone H1 allelic complement and whether it can thereforebe considered a modulator of histone H1-dependent chromatinfunctioning. For this purpose, a fluctuation of histone H1.a polymorphicvariants was analyzed among a non-selected (control) quail line and the lineselected for a high cholesterol content in the egg yolk. The histone H1.awas found to be polymorphic due to its differential migration rate in theAU-PAGE (acetic acid–urea polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis).Based on this, two H1.a isoforms (H1.a1 and H1.a2) that form threephenotypes (a1, a2 and a1a2) were distinguished in the quail lines tested. Acomparably expressed (p > 0. 05) and low relative variable (coefficient of variation,CV  < 0. 25) histone H1.a phenotypes were in agreement with Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) in boththe non-selected (χ2 = 1. 29, p = 0. 25) and selected (χ2 = 1. 9, p = 0. 16) quail line. The similarity among quail lines wasassessed based on the equal distribution of histone H1.a phenotypes(χ2 = 1. 63, p = 0. 44) and alleles (χ2 = 0. 018, p = 0. 89) frequency in both quail lines tested. This indicates that selectiondoes not affect the histone H1.a polymorphic variants. The stability ofhistone H1.a during selection might suggest that likely chromatinprocesses coupled to the selected trait are not linked to the activity ofhistone H1.a

Evidence on the stability of histone H1.a polymorphic variants during selection in quail