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The aim of the study was to investigate the sexual behavior and hormonal changes in Kıvırcık ewessynchronized during and out of the breeding season. Feeding, individual and eliminative behaviors of the eweswere also recorded. Group I ewes were synchronized during the breeding season and Group II ewes weresynchronized out of the breeding season. At the end of synchronization protocol, ewes were exposed to Kıvırcıkrams (day 0, hour 0) and behavioral observations were started. Jugular blood samples were collected at the endof each observation period. Among sexual behaviors, head-turning and non-firm standing were displayed morefrequently than soliciting, anogenital sniffing, sniffing scrotum and firm standing in both groups. Squatting andtail-fanning were not observed regularly. Defecation and sexual behaviors did not differ between groups. Group Idisplayed more lying (P<0.001), standing (P<0.001), and urination (P<0.001) whereas Group II displayed moreeating (P<0.001), rumination (P<0.001), drinking (P<0.01) and walking (P<0.001). Estradiol levels around estrusdid not differ between groups and showed a wave like pattern. While serum progesterone was at the basal levelbefore and during estrus, it started to increase at 50 h and reached a level >0.5 ng/ml at 122 h in both groups.Estrus onset was 30.0±1.38 and 26.5±2.27 h, for Group I and II, respectively. Estrus duration was 19.0±2.20 and18.0±2.86 h, for the same groups, respectively. In conclusion, Kıvırcık ewes synchronized during the anestrousperiod showed similar behavioral and hormonal responses, as in the breeding season

Sexual behavior and hormone levels of Kıvırcık ewes after estrus synchronization during and out of the breeding season