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According to a research done in 2015 by the Brazilian Architecture and Urbanism Council (CAU, in Portuguese) and Datafolha, more than 85% of the country's population build without hiring an architect or an engineer. The self-construction sector brings problems related to low building performance and high rate of material losses. Having this scenario in mind, this paper proposes the improvement of the traditional building elements adding three main characteristics to their process: faster execution of the walls through a specific joint system between bricks that would eliminate the need of mortar; loss reduction by creating a complete family of bricks that covers the main specificities of the wall-laying process and the improvement of the interaction with hydro sanitary and electrical systems. The developed system is made of concrete with aggregates obtained from non-toxic mining waste. As a theoretical background, the traditional process of brick production in Brazilian industry is analyzed and the national regulations that rule this process are also addressed. The target audience and attributes of the product are defined and then, the elements developed in this work are finally presented. The result is a group of five types of bricks (standard , half, corner blocks 1 and 2, and bond beam block) that work with a specific joint system between blocks in the same row and in subsequent ones. It is concluded that the developed product has reached the desirable characteristics related to its formal aspects, presenting not only the reduction of losses mentioned previously but also a greater agility in the wall-laying process. The last aspect is achieved thanks to the fact that the building elements have an approach to dry construction, without the use of mortar due to the adoption of a specific joint system.

blucher design proceedings

Improvement of a traditional construction system using gravel made from mining waste: an alternative for waste reuse and increased constructive productivity