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In this study, phase-field model is developed for ferroelectric/ferromagnetic nanocomposites, in which ferroelectric composition is spatially varied along the thickness of ferroelectric layers. The developed phase field model is applied to investigate the effect of composition gradient on magnetoelectric response of the multilayer nanocomposite. Stripe domain structures are observed in both ferroelectric and ferromagnetic layers, however the sizes of magnetic domains are larger than that of polarization ones. Particularly, the size of polarization domains and geometry of domain walls are altered according to the gradient of ferroelectric composition. The obtained results suggest that the larger the composition gradient is, the higher the magnetoelectric effect becomes. The enhancement of magnetoelectric effect is attributed to the concentration of energy in ferroelectric layer, which originates from the spatial variation of ferroelectric composition.

Enhancement of Magnetoelectric Effect in Compositionally Graded Ferroelectric/Ferromagnetic Pb(1−x)SrxTiO3/CoFe2O4 Nanocomposites