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To date three expeditions to explore the cave fauna of Cuba have been undertaken under the auspices of the Academies of Sciences of Roumania and Cuba; in 1969, 1970 and 1973. A paper on the cave shrimps collected by the first (1969) expedition has been published (Botosaneanu & Holthuis, 1970). In that paper a review was given of the state of our knowledge of the subterranean shrimp fauna of Cuba as it was at that time, with a list of all species and references to all publications dealing with them. The 1969 expedition not only collected all species of cave shrimps then known from Cuba, but also one that was new to science. The 1973 expedition added one species to this list, the material of which represents an undescribed subspecies. The number of subterranean species of shrimps collected in 1973 is smaller than that obtained in 1969, but interesting range extensions and important data on the ecology of the species could be added. In the present paper not only the shrimps are treated, but crayfishes are included as well. During the expedition Mr. Botosaneanu also collected 2 species of Macrura in epigean fresh waters, viz., a shrimp, A tya scabra (Leach, 1815) in Rio San Vicente near Vinales, Pinar del Rio Province, and the crayfish Procambarus atkinsoni (Ortmann, 1913) in Arroyo La Talega near Santa Fe, Isla de Pinos. Two species of marine Thalassinidea were likewise obtained by Mr. Botosaneanu: a specimen of Callianassajamaicensis Schmitt, 1935, and some specimens ofAxianassa intermedia Schmitt, 1924; both were collected at Playa Siboney, east of Santiago de Cuba, at a small beach of coarse sand with many coral fragments. I wish to express here my sincere thanks to Mr. L. Botosaneanu of the Institutul de Speologie "Emil Racovitza", Bucharest, for placing this material at my disposal, and for providing extensive descriptions of the habitats and biology of the animals, which have been cited almost verbatim in the present paper. The abbreviation cl. has been used to indicate the carapace length.

Subterranean Crustacea Decapoda Macrura collected by Mr. L. Botosaneanu during the 1973 Cuban-Roumanian Biospeological Expedition to Cuba