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Among the freshwater isopod crustaceans of the family Asellidae in the United States, the genus Asellus (s. lat.) is widespread in both epigean and cave habitats and is represented by numerous troglobitic species (i.e., obligatory cavernicoles). The genus Lirceus, on the other hand, is almost always found in epigean habitats (especially springs and small streams), and previous to this paper, troglobitic forms had not been desclibed. Although various species of Lirceus have been reported from caves in Missouri by Hubricht and Mackin (1949), caves in Tennessee by Barr (1961) and caves :in Georgia by Holsinger and Peck (1971), none of these are apparently restricted to cave waters or show any of the extreme morphological modifications usually associated with troglobites. During extensive biological investigations of caves in the central Appalachian region, populations of blind, white Lirceus were discovered by one of us (J .R.H.) in three caves in the Powell Valley of Lee County, Virginia. In addition to being the first known eyeless form of the genus, this material differs in several important ways from any of the known species of Lirceus and is described below. Additional populations of Lirceus have also been discovered in the caves of southwestern Virginia and eastern Tennessee (primarily in the Clinch and Powell River valleys), but these animals are usually lightly pigmented, possess small eyes and differ morphologically from the newly described species. Because of the taxonomic confusion in the genus Lirceus (see Styron, 1969 and Williams, 1972), we have been unable to determine whether these additional populations represent one or more unde;cribed species or belong to previously described forms. For assistance in future studies, however, these localities are listed at the end of the paper. In their evaluation of the characters used to distinguish species in Lirceus, Hubricht and Mackin (1949) conclude that the male pleopods 1 and 2 are of doubtful value. In particular, they state that the tip of the endopod of pleopod 2, "which is Asellus differs so completely from species to species, in Lirceus differs

international journal of speleology

A new troglobitic isopod of the genus Lirceus (Asellidae) from Southwestern Virginia, with notes on its ecology and additional cave records for the genus in the Appalachians