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La atencion se ha revelado como un mecanismo de control que desempena un rol fundamental en la organizacion jerarquica de procesos no solo neurocognitivos sino tambien motivacionales y emocionales. La reciente evidencia cientifica que apoya la existencia de una relacion directa entre ejercicio fisico y atencion demanda la necesidad de definir las premisas para el diseno de intervenciones con el objetivo de examinar que tipo de actividad fisica puede influir de manera mas efectiva en la evolucion cognitiva preadolescente subyacente al ejercicio fisico. El objetivo fue analizar el efecto sobre la atencion de un programa de actividad fisica de alta intensidad. Se diseno un estudio cuasi-experimental intrasujetos en el que participaron 24 ninos y 20 ninas de 9-10 anos pertenecientes a Espana. Se evaluo la atencion mediante el Test de Caras. Se aplico estadistica no parametrica para el analisis de datos (prueba de Wilcoxon). Se apreciaron efectos sobre las variables de aciertos, errores, omisiones, control inhibitorio y eficacia atencional (p entre .05 y .05). Los resultados sugieren que la realizacion de un programa de actividad fisica de alta intensidad, con 16 sesiones de 40-50 minutos de duracion/sesion, basado en ejercicios de fuerza-resistencia muscular y desafios cooperativos podria tener efectos positivos sobre la atencion tanto en ninos como en ninas de 9-10 anos de edad. Abstract. Attention has been revealed as a control mechanism that plays a fundamental role in the hierarchical organization of processes that are not only neurocognitive but also motivational and emotional. Recent scientific evidence supporting the existence of a direct relationship between physical exercise and attention demands the need to define the premises for the design of interventions with the aim of examining which type of physical activity can more effectively influence preadolescent cognitive evolution underlying physical exercise. The objective was to analyze the effect of a high intensity physical activity program on attention. A quasi-experimental intra-subject study was designed. 24 boys and 20 girls aged 9-10 years old from Spain participated in the study. Attention was evaluated through the “Face Test”. Non-parametric statistics were applied for the data analysis (Wilcoxon test). Effects were observed on the variables of successes, errors, omissions, inhibitory control, and attentional efficacy (p between .05). The results suggest that the realization of a program of physical activity of high intensity, with 16 sessions of 40-50 minutes per session, based on muscular strength-endurance exercises and cooperative challenges, could have positive effects on attention in both boys as girls of 9-10 years of age.

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Influencia de un programa de actividad física sobre la atención selectiva y la eficacia atencional en escolares (Influence of a physical activity program on selective attention and attentional efficiency in school children)