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Up to this point, this manual has been concerned with the income that workers need to be able to afford a basic but decent life for themselves and their family. Thus, so far, this manual has been concerned with determining take home pay required. However, statutory deductions from pay (such as income taxes, social security taxes, and union fees) reduce take home pay and money available for daytoday expenses. This means that two living wage estimates are needed – net living wage, which is the take home pay/disposable income required for decency, and the gross living wage, which is the gross pay required to ensure sufficient net take home pay for decency. This is shown in Figure 14.1. The difference between net and gross living wages is statutory payroll deductions and possibly income taxes. Statutory deductions from pay are different from voluntary deductions. Voluntary deductions (such as for personal savings accounts, Christmas fund, or voluntary provident fund contribution) are similar in a sense to household expenditures. Statutory deductions are different, because they reduce disposable income available to workers to support a basic but decent life style without reducing expenses in any way. This chapter discusses how to take statutory deductions from pay into consideration to estimate a gross living wage.

Take home pay required and taking statutory deductions into account