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β-D-Galactosidase and β-D-glucuronidase are 2 marker enzymes used in the rapid detection of total coliforms and E. coli,respectively. A range of bioprobes and biosensors have recently been developed for the rapid, direct and in situ detectionof these enzymes. Chromogenic substrates are often used to assay for these enzymes and result in phenolic products beingformed. However, phenolic compounds may also be present in water due to industrial activity. In this study, the effectof 11 US EPA priority pollutant phenols (PPP) on these enzyme assays were investigated and it was shown that over- andunder-estimation of β-D-galactosidase and β-D-glucuronidase activities may occur due to inhibition or activation of theseenzymes in the presence of these phenolic compounds. The types of inhibition as well as inhibition constant (Ki) valueswere established for the inhibited activities. Wastewater treatment plant and other effluents (e.g. tannery effluents) maycontain these phenolic compounds at concentrations high enough to inhibit or activate the activities of the marker enzymes,therefore influencing the rapid and direct enzymatic measurement of faecal contamination using these metabolic markerenzymes.

Effect of phenolic compounds on the rapid direct enzymatic detection of β-D-galactosidase and β-D-glucuronidase