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INTRODUCTION Traditional medicine is the oldest method of curing diseases and infections and various plants have been used in different parts of the world to treat human diseases and infections (Caceres et al., 1991 Nweze et al., 2004, Vineela & Elizabeth, 2005). Different plant parts have also been used for the treatment of various form ailments. The Balanites aegyptiaca plants have been reported to be used in a variety of folk medicines in Africa and Asia. It has been used in the treatment of skin diseases and remedy for stomach ache and jaundice (Hammiche & Maiza, 2006), treatment of cough (John et al., 1990), treatment of diarrhea and syphilis (Boulos, 1992) and Typoid fever (Doughari et al., 2007) The root was also reported to be used in treatment of inflammation (Kubmarawa et al., 2007) antidote for snake bite (Inngerdigen, 2004). Earlier studies have shown that B. aegyptiaca contains steroidal saponins, with most of them reporting the presence of saponins as the main cause of these activities. Besides its medicinal uses, Balanites trees are widely used as fodder and for timber purposes (Arbonier, 2002). Medicinal plants are known to owe their curative potentials to certain biological active substances which exist in parts of the plants. The chemicals which are referred to as active principles or phytochemical substances include terpenses, flavonoid, bioflavonoid, benzophonones, xanthenes as well as some metabolites such as tannins, saponins, cyanates, oxalate and anthraxquinones (Iwu, 1993; Asaolu, 2002). This study is therefore aimed at determining the antimicrobial efficacy of the aqueous and the methanolic extracts of Balanites aegyptiaca.

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Phytochemical screening and antimicrobial effect of the aqueous and methanolic extracts of roots of &lt;i&gt;Balanites aegyptiacam&lt;i&gt; (Del.) on some bacteria species.