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L’etude en champ des facteurs affectant les epizooties de Entomophaga grylli chez les populations de Zonocerus variegatus, dans les quatre departements au Sud du Benin, a montre que E. grylli est l’un des principaux facteurs de mortalite des larves âgees du criquet. Les infections ont lieu principalement de novembre a fevrier, pendant la periode de saison seche ou les densites de populations de Z. variegatus sont elevees dans l’ensemble de la zone, contrairement a celles de la saison pluvieuse. Les densites observees a cette periode pluvieuse sont negligeables. Les epizooties ont ete importantes au cours des saisons 1995-1996 et 1996-1997. Pendant la saison 1996-1997, la prevalence de l’infection a atteint au maximum 10%, 14%, 24% et 46% respectivement a Agbata, Lama 1, Lama 3 et Lama 2. Entre novembre 1996 et debut janvier 1997, le taux moyen d’infection a varie entre 4 et 10%, notamment a Agbata et Lama 3, mais etait superieur a 15% a Lama 2. En 1997-98, les epizooties etaient tres faibles, variant entre 0 et 2% sur la plupart des sites, sauf a Hinvi ou elles ont atteint 14%. Parmi les facteurs abiotiques examines, a savoir la temperature, la pluviometrie, l’humidite relative et la radiation solaire, cette derniere est apparue comme le principal facteur ayant regule les epizooties au cours des trois saisons. Mots cles: Zonocerus variegatus, Entomophaga grylli, Entomophthorales, epizootie. The seasonal occurrence of Entomophaga grylli on Zonocerus variegatus populations was monitored in the four Southern departments of Benin. The study showed that E. grylli was one of the major mortality factors of grasshopper’s larvae. Infections occurred principally from november to february during dry season when Z. variegatus populations are important. Densities observed at this period are generally high in the studied zones, contrary to those of wet season witch are negligible. Epizootics were important during 1995-96 and 1996-97 seasons. During 1996-97, prevalence of infection reached in maximum 10%, 14%, 24% and 46% the 11 December at Agbata, Lama 1, Lama 3 and Lama 2 sites respectively. Between November 1996 and start January, infection mean rate varied from 4 to 10 % notably at Agbata and Lama 3, but was more than 15% at Lama 2. In 1997-98 epizootics were very few, between 0 and 2 % on the majority sites, but not at Hinvi were a maximum of 14% was reached in 1997. Among abiotic factors examined, namely temperature, relative humidity and solar radiation, this last appeared to be the principal epizootics regulating factor.

sciences and nature. série a, biosciences agronomie environnement biotechnologie

Facteurs affectant les épizooties de entomophaga grylli (zygomycètes, entomophthorales) chez les populations du criquet zonocerus variegatus au sud du bénin en afrique de l’ouest