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Objectif: L’objectif de cette etude est d’inventorier et d’identifier les vertus therapeutiques des plantes medicinales commercialisees dans la ville de Douala (Cameroun). Methodologie et resultats: Des enquetes ethnobotaniques ont ete conduites de juillet a aout 2012, aupres de 54 herboristes dans cinq marches en utilisant des interviews directes et semi-structurees. L’etude a permis d’identifier 84 especes reparties en 78 genres et 50 familles dont les plus representees ont ete les Asteraceae  (9 especes), Fabaceae (6 especes) et Lamiaceae (4 especes). Les troubles infectieux (66,7 %) et gynecoobstetriques et urologiques ont ete majoritairement representes. La recherche du degre de consensus (ICF) revele que 3 categories ont atteint des valeurs elevees : les troubles astheniques (0,8), dermatologiques (0,6), gyneco-obstetriques et urologiques (0,5). Conclusion et application des resultats: Cette etude montre l’importance des enquetes ethnobotaniques dans la phytotherapie et les limites des herboristes de la pharmacopee traditionnelle. Mots cles: Ethnobotanique, plantes medicinales commercialisees, maladies English Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was to make an inventory and to identify therapeutic properties of medicinal plants sold in the city of Douala (Cameroon). Methodology and Results: Ethnobotanical surveys were conducted from July to August 2012 beside 54 herbalists in five markets using direct and semi-structured interviews. The study identified 84 species distributed in 78 genera and 50 families, the most represented were Asteraceae (9 species), Fabaceae (6 species) and Lamiaceae (4 species). Infectious disorders (66.7%) and gyneco-obstetrical and urological disorders were mostly represented. Research on the degree of consensus (ICF) reveals that three categories reached high values: asthenic (0.8), skin (0.6), gyneco-obstetrical and urological (0.5) disorders. Conclusion and applications of results: This study shows the importance of ethnobotanical surveys in herbal medicine and limitations of herbalists of traditional medicine. Keys: Ethnobotany, sold medicinal plants, diseases

Étude ethnobotanique des plantes médicinales commercialisées dans les marchés de la ville de Douala, Cameroun