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Objectif: L’objectif est d’etudier l’efficacite biologique de Polygala rarifolia sur les graines de Striga hermonthica et la nature des extraits racinaires afin d’identifier le mode d’action. Methodologie et resultats: La methodologie utilisee est celle de culture in vitro et de l’Analyse par chromatographie liquide a haute pression (HPLC) des extraits racinaires du Polygala rarifolia et du niebe. Les resultats obtenus en culture in vitro confirment le mode d’action de plante faux hote. Dans les extraits racinaires de Polygala rarifolia et de niebe on a repere la presence de pics sur les chromatogrammes, des substances presentant des temps de retention tres voisins de ceux du Strigol et de Sorgholactone mais dont les spectres UV tres differents. Celui du niebe (tr = 27,30 min) et de Polygala rarifolia (tr = 27,33 min) sont identiques donc constituent la meme substance chimique. Il a ete possible d’affirmer que les extraits racinaires de P olygala rarifolia contiennent des substances voisines de celles du Strigol. Pour etablir que ce sont bien elles qui sont responsables de la germination des graines de Striga hermothica , il faudrait desormais associer une etude phytochimique plus approfondie a une etude d’activite et etablir la formule chimique de ces substances. Conclusion et application des resultats: D’autres etudes complementaires de l’activite biologique de Polygala rarifolia pourront se faire dans l’objectif de confirmer ou d’ajouter d’autres resultats non identifies ici. Tous ces resultats forts interessants pourront faire l’objet de mise en pratique sur le terrain par le biais de la pre vulgarisation aupres des paysans en tenant compte des conditions climatiques souvent defavorables. Mots Cles: Polygala rarifolia , Striga hermonthica , Mais, Niebe, Faux hote, HPLC English Title: Polygala rarifolia DC. trap crop of Striga hermonthica (Del.) Benth English Abstract Objective: Local knowledge in weed management exists in Burkina Faso, especially Striga hermonthica . The study was interested in the use of the plant, Polygala rarifolia , to control Striga hermonthica in maize. The objective is to study the biological efficacy of Polygala rarifolia on Striga hermonthica seeds and the nature of root extracts in order to identify the mode of action. Methodology and results: The methodology used is that of in vitro culture and analysis by high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) of the root extracts of Polygala rarifolia and cowpea. The results obtained in vitro culture confirm the mode of action of trap crop. In the root extracts of Polygala rarifolia and cowpea, the presence of peaks on the chromatograms, substances with retention times very close to those of Strigol and Sorgholactone but with very different UV spectra, was noted. That of cowpea (tr = 27.30 min) and Polygala rarifolia (tr = 27.33 min) are identical and therefore constitute the same chemical substance. It has been possible to say that the root extracts of Polygala rarifolia c ontain substances similar to those of Strigol. To  establish that they are responsible for the germination of the seeds of Striga hermothica , it would now be necessary to associate a more thorough phytochemical study with an activity study and establish the chemical formula of these substances. Conclusion and application of results: Further studies of the biological activity of Polygala rarifolia may be carried out with the objective of confirming or adding other unidentified results here. All these interesting results can be put into practice in the field through pre-extension to farmers taking into account the often unfavorable climatic conditions. Keywords:  Polygala rarifolia , Striga hermonthica , Maize, Cowpea, Trap crop, HPLC

<i>Polygala rarifolia</i> DC., plante faux hôte du <i>Striga hermonthica</i> (Del.) Benth