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High-fruit and high-vegetable diets are known to have amelioratingeffects on many diseases and their complications. The objective of thisstudy was to assess the effects of high fruit and high vegetable dietson the electrolytes and blood pressure of hypertensive patients. Thisexperimental study was conducted at Olabisi Onabanjo UniversityTeaching Hospital (formerly Ogun State University), Ogun state,Nigeria. Twenty five hypertensive volunteers from among hypertensiveclinic attendees were recruited into the study. They were taught how toprepare two serves of vegetables and fruit (approximately 500g dicedfruit salad) per day and were encouraged to consume the serves on dailybasis from week one through to week ten. Baseline and bi-weeklyassessment of plasma electrolytes, such as sodium, potassium, chlorideand bicarbonate was carried out on the patients. Anthropometricmeasurements and blood pressure were also assessed biweekly on thepatients during their routine clinic attendance. There was a gradualreduction in plasma sodium and chloride concentrations as well as theblood pressure which became significant in week ten. The mean baselineplasma sodium reduced significantly from 139.0 ± 0.9mmo/L to 137.5± 0.9mml/L, P > 0.001 after ten weeks of high fruit and highvegetable diets. Plasma chloride also reduced from baseline value of103.2 ± 2.5mmol/L to 98.8 ± 0.7mmol/L, P > 0.0001. But theplasma potassium improved from 3.64 ± 0.2mmol/L at baseline to 3.9± 0.4mmol/L at week ten, P = 0.0357. The mean systolic bloodpressure also dropped from the baseline value of 155.3± 7.6mmHg to141 ± 2.4 mmHg, P > 0.0001. Also reduced was the mean diastolicblood pressure from 89.3 ± 7.6mmHg to 88.0 ± 2.4, at weekten. However, the plasma bicarbonate and BMI did not chargesignificantly throughout the study period. High-fruit andhigh-vegetable diets appear to have an ameliorating effect on the bloodpressure of hypertensive patients. This may be beneficial andcomplementary in the management of hypertension.

Effects of fruits and vegetables on electolytes and blood pressure of hypertensive patients seen in Nigeria