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Experiments were conducted in western Kenya to determine the agronomic and economic benefits of applying Nitrogen (N) and Phosphorus (P) to maize. These factors were identified through an informal survey to be the main cause of low maize yield in the area. The experiments were conducted in 2 locations on farmers’ fields in 1994,1995 and1996. Four levels of Nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90-Kg ha -1 ) were combined with three levels of Phosphorus (0, 40, 80-Kg ha -1 ) to constitute twelve treatments which were tested on a randomized complete block design. Statistical analyses of yield data revealed that N application consistently affected grain yield significantly in all locations. Phosphorus had a significant effect on yield once in each location. There was significant nitrogen by phosphorus interaction (N*P) effects once in each location. Analysis across sites showed N and N*P interaction to be statistically significant. The statistically significant treatments of this experiment were subjected to economic analysis using the partial budget procedure to determine rates of N: P that would give acceptable returns at low risk to farmers. Economic analysis on the interaction across location showed that two N: P combinations i.e. 30:0 and 60: 40 kg ha -1 are economically superior and stable within a price variability range of 20%.

Economic analysis of maize yield response to nitrogen and phosphorus in the sub-humid zones of western Kenya