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Background: Periodontal regeneration aims at the restitution of supporting periodontal tissues lost due to periodontal diseases. With an aim of improving bone regeneration, strontium ranelate and related compounds were developed and have become increasingly popular in osteoporosis treatment. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the strontium ranelate 2% gel on the regeneration of the surgically created intrabony defect in dogs. Methods: One-wall intrabony defects (4 × 6 mm) were surgically created in the mesial aspect of second premolars bilaterally (split mouth study) in 10 dogs. Each intrabony defect underwent one of 2 treatment modalities: placebo gel (methyl cellulose gel)/collagen sponge (control site, group I) or strontium ranelate gel/collagen sponge (experimental site, group II). The animals were sacrificed with an overdose of anesthesia at 3 months and block sections of the defects were collected for histological and histometric analysis. Results: Clinical healing progressed uneventfully in general, no visible adverse reactions. Strontium treated group (group II) demonstrated a significantly higher regeneration of the attachment apparatus in the form of newly formed bone, cementum and little amount of connective tissue adhesion (3.89 ± 0.09, 3.42 ± 0.75, 0.27 ± 0.02 respectively) than the control group (1.17 ± 0.63, 1.75 ± 0.07, 1.26 ± 0.05 respectively) (P<0.001).There was also significant differences between the two treatment modalities in the amount of epithelial down growth where control treated group show significant amount of epithelial down growth (P<0.01). Conclusion: It was concluded that, strontium ranelate 2% gel appears to be safe and may support periodontal wound healing/regeneration in intrabony periodontal defects without complications.

Histological and Histomorphometric Study of the Effect of Strontium Ranelate on the Healing of One-Wall Intrabony Periodontal Defects in Dogs