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Background: India contributes a large proportion to global under-five child mortality. One of the determinants of child morbidity and mortality is the "child rearing practices." Socio-economic environment, child rearing practices and nutritional status play a synergistic role. Materials and Methods: Information was collected by exit interviews from married women attending out-patient departments of three primary health centers. Data was collected during December, 2009 using pretested questionnaire Married women in reproductive age group with youngest child in the age group of 1-5 years were eligible for inclusion. To assess the child rearing knowledge and practices (CRKP), a composite score was calculated based on 10 variables and categorized into satisfactory and unsatisfactory. Results: A total of 100 eligible married women were included in the study. About half of the women were in the age group of 25-35 years, 80% belonged to social class V and VI majority (63%) were literate and 70% had ≥2 children. With the increase in literacy status, there was the increase in proportion of women who had satisfactory CRKP and decrease in proportion of women who had given pre-lacteal feed. Among women who had three children, 15 out of 39 (38%) had fully immunized their first child as compared with 25 out of 39 (64%) for the second child and 38 out of 39 (97%) for the third child. Immunization coverage increased as the birth order increased. Conclusion: Mothers' education has a significant role in determining her child rearing practices, which in turn would lead better child survival

Knowledge and practices regarding child rearing and its association with literacy among married women in a rural area of Tamil Nadu, India