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Background: Malnutrition is common in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) who on peritoneal dialysis (PD) or hemodialysis (HD). This study aimed to compare the frequency distribution of malnutrition in HD and PD patients and its relationship with echocardiographic findings. Materials and Methods: This is a case-control study. Using the simple random sampling, 109 patients were selected among HD and PD patients based on the inclusion criteria. HD and PD groups included 55 and 54 patients, respectively. The malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) index was used to assess malnutrition. Echocardiography was performed by a cardiologist. All the data were analyzed by SPSS version 18. Results: In this study, 79.6% (43 patients) were in the PD group with MIS <9 (no malnutrition to mild malnutrition) and 20.4% (11 patients) with 9 ≤ MIS ≤ 18 suffered from moderate malnutrition. In the HD group, 72.7% (forty patients) had MIS < 9, 25.5% (14) had 9 ≤ MIS ≤ 18, and 1.8% (one patient) with MIS > 18 suffered from severe malnutrition (P = 0.74). There was no significant relationship between MIS and echocardiographic findings in PD patients (P > 0.05). In the HD group, there was no significant relationship between MIS and echocardiographic findings (P > 0.05), except for aortic and mitral valve insufficiencies (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of this study show 27.3% of HD patients had moderate to severe malnutrition. There was a statistically significant relationship between MIS index and aortic and mitral valve insufficiencies in HD patients

Comparison of malnutrition in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients and its relationship with echocardiographic findings