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no history of hormonal therapy. Inclusion criteria for the control population were normal finding on digital rectal examination and total plasma prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels < 75 th percentile of the comparable age group for African-American men without PCa. Most research subjects (>91%) were from French West Indies. This study revealed an association between the identified AA genotype and the A-allele of the rs16901979 and increased risk of PCa. Stratification of the patients by disease aggressiveness based on Gleason score revealed that the combined AC + AA genotype were associated with a Gleason score ≥ 7 (odd ratio = 1.79, 95% confidence interval = 1.17–2.73, P = 0.007). Based on these data, authors concluded that the A-allele at rs16901979 in region 2 of 8q24 is associated with increased risk of PCa and disease aggressiveness. This study has confirmed the association between the A-allele and elevated risk of PCa observed in other populations of Africans, Caucasians, and Asians. However, the authors' conclusion that there is an association between the SNP rs16901979 and the risk of more aggressive PCa in the study population is based on less stringent criteria for disease aggressiveness and limited sample size for lethal tumors. Availability of clinical stage (i.e. tumor node metastasis), PSA levels and Gleason score (≤6, 3 + 4, 4 + 3, and ≥ 8) for the study population should allow more acceptable criteria for disease aggressiveness. It appears that limited sample size (n = 45, 9.5% of total number of patients) for clinically lethal or aggressive tumors (Gleason ≥ 8) has forced dichotomization of Gleason score into < 7 and ≥ 7. This has diminished the strength of the study in differentiating aggressive from nonaggressive tumors and to link the SNP rs16901979 into PCa aggressiveness. On the other hand, this is an interesting study with a meaningful result showing that the SNP rs16901979 can discriminate intra-ethnic difference for PCa risk in a distinct African population. Overall, it appears that identifying genetic variants to predict PCa susceptibility is more achievable than finding those responsible for or influencing disease aggressiveness. This is even more challenging if one considers only one SNP and not a signature of SNPs. The ultimate goal of identifying men of high risk for developing lethal PCa remains a challenge and an open question. et al. Multiple loci identified in a genome-wide association study of prostate cancer. Region 2 of 8q24 is associated …

asian journal of andrology/asian journal of andrology

Commentary on "Region 2 of 8q24 is associated with the risk of aggressive prostate cancer in Caribbean men of African descent from Guadeloupe (French West Indies)"