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Biomarkers are used to measure the interaction between a stressor (physical, chemical or biological) and biochemical, cellular or physiological system, which initiate toxic events in organisms. Some biomarkers are good predictor of health in organism if the observed effects are irreversible or influences at higher level of biological organization. Among such biomarkers, organisms’ health can be looked at by evaluating their immunocompetence.1–3 Bivalve molluscs are good sentinel species because they are sessile and they are exposed directly in contaminated aquatic environment. Moreover, being filter-feeding organisms, they have the ability to bioaccumulate contaminants from water, sediments and particles from which they feed. In bivalves, hemocytes circulating in the hemolymph represent a key component of their immune system.4–6 One appropriate tool to evaluate their immunocompetence is through the evaluation of cell viability1,7 and phagocytosis activity. In this study, the immunological response of softshell clams (Mya arenaria) collected at two distances from the shore was studied. Indeed, intertidal clams have to cope to anoxic periods and temperature changes, which thereby could increase their susceptibility towards contaminants. The objective is to determine whether clam’s ability to resist to the toxic effects of various metals could be modulated by the distance between shore and sites collection, reflecting various time they spent in low tide.

Increase sensitivity to metals of hemocytes obtained from Mya arenaria collected at different distances from the shore