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Latelly, aquiculture production in Brazil has made great strides. Among the native species cultivated in Brazil, piapara (Leporinus elogatus) has been widely praised. With the objective of evaluating restocking programs, the variability and genetic divergence of three piapara stocks were analyzed using the RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA) technique. The first stock belongs to the Aquiculture and Hydrology Station of Duke Energy International (A); the second one belongs to a fish farm in the city of Rolândia (B); and the third to the River Restocking Program of Paraná (C). The ten primers used for RAPD produced 105 polymorphic loci, conferring a polymorphism of 98.1% for the three evaluated stocks. Polymorphic loci percentage and Shannon index were higher for stock A. However, all values were high, indicating high intrapopulation diversity. The Gst values indicate a low genetic variation between A x B stocks and a moderate differentiation among the others. The Nm was higher between A x B stocks. Genetic distance and the dendrogram indicate that A x B stocks are genetically less distant.Recentemente a produção aquícola brasileira tem apresentado grande progresso. Dentre as espécies nativas cultivadas no Brasil, a piapara (Leporinus elongatus) tem sido amplamente preconizada. Com objetivo de avaliar os programas de repovoamento, foram analisadas a variabilidade e a divergência genética de três estoques de piapara com a técnica de RAPD (Random Amplified Polymorphic). O primeiro estoque pertence à Estação de Aquicultura e Hidrologia da Duke Energy International (A); o segundo, à piscicultura de Rolândia (B) e o terceiro, ao Programa de Repovoamento dos Rios do Paraná (C). Os dez primers para RAPD utilizados produziram 105 fragmentos polimórficos, conferindo um polimorfismo de 98,1% para os três estoques avaliados. A porcentagem de locos polimórficos e índice de Shannon foi superior para o estoque A. Porém, todos valores foram elevados, indicando alta diversidade intrapopulacional. Os valores d

Diversidade genética de três estoques de piapara (<em>Leporinus elongatus</em>), utilizando RAPD