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The Farasan Archipelago is a group of small coral islands and islets in the southern Red Sea, offshore of the southwestern Kingdom of Saudi Arabia ( KSA ). These islands are internationally important as breeding sites for turtles and bird species and regionally for its threatened, rare, and endemic flora and other fauna. The beetles (  Coleoptera  ) of the Archipelago have not been previously surveyed. This study presents the first data on the beetle fauna based on a recent survey of the Farasan Archipelago. In total, 179 beetle species (including three synanthropic species) in 145 genera and 31 coleopteran families were determined. The   Carabidae   are represented by 31 species, followed by the   Tenebrionidae   (22 species),   Chrysomelidae   (17 species),   Scarabaeidae   (13 species), and   Coccinellidae   (12 species). The genus    Lasiocera    Dejean, 1831 and the species    Amblystomus   villiersanus    Bruneau de Miré, 1991 (  Carabidae  ) are new for the beetle fauna of the Arabian Peninsula, and eighteen species are new country records for  KSA . Sand dune habitats on the islands were inhabited by the greatest number of species in comparison with other habitats. Zoogeographically, the beetle fauna of the Archipelago was dominated by the representatives of the Saharo-Arabian and Afrotropical elements (74 spp., 41.0%). Fourteen species (7.8%) were recognized as cosmopolitan and subcosmopolitan. No species was known to be exclusively endemic to Farasan Archipelago. Eighteen species (10.1%) were endemic to Arabian Peninsula and  KSA . Approximately 64.8% (116 spp.) of the archipelago beetle species is found on the  KSA  mainland and is most closely allied to the south and southwestern  KSA  regions (sharing 91 spp.). Comparisons of the beetle faunas of the Farasan and Socotra archipelagos indicate that 30 families, 70 genera, and 28 species are shared.

The first survey of the beetles ( Coleoptera ) of the Farasan Archipelago of the southern Red Sea, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia