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Pestalotiopsis    sensu lato , commonly referred to as pestalotiopsis-like fungi, exhibit a broad distribution and are frequently found as endophytes, saprobes and pathogens across various plant hosts. The taxa within pestalotiopsis-like fungi are classified into three genera viz.    Pestalotiopsis   ,    Pseudopestalotiopsis    and    Neopestalotiopsis   , based on the conidial colour of their median cells and multi-locus molecular phylogenies. In the course of a biodiversity investigation focusing on pestalotiopsis-like fungi, a total of 12 fungal strains were identified. These strains were found to be associated with stromata of    Beauveria   ,    Ophiocordyceps    and    Tolypocladium    in various regions of Taiwan from 2018 to 2021. These strains were evaluated morphologically and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of the  ITS  (internal transcribed spacer),   tef1-α   (translation elongation factor 1-α) and   tub2   (beta-tubulin) gene regions were conducted for genotyping. The results revealed seven well-classified taxa and one tentative clade in    Pestalotiopsis    and    Neopestalotiopsis   . One novel species,    Pestalotiopsis   manyueyuanani    and four new records,    N.   camelliae-oleiferae   ,    N.   haikouensis   ,    P.   chamaeropis    and    P.   hispanica   , were reported for the first time in Taiwan. In addition,    P.   formosana    and an unclassified strain of    Neopestalotiopsis    were identified, based on similarities of phylogeny and morphology. However, the data obtained in the present study suggest that the currently recommended loci for species delimitation of pestalotiopsis-like fungi do not deliver reliable or adequate resolution of tree topologies. The  in-vitro  mycelial growth rates of selected strains from these taxa had an optimum temperature of 25 °C, but growth ceased at 5 °C and 35 °C, while all the strains grew faster under alkaline than acidic or neutral pH conditions. This study provides the first assessment of pestalotiopsis-like fungi, associated with entomopathogenic taxa.

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﻿Hidden diversity of    Pestalotiopsis    and    Neopestalotiopsis    (  Amphisphaeriales  ,   Sporocadaceae  ) species allied with the stromata of entomopathogenic fungi in Taiwan

﻿Hidden diversity of Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis ( Amphisphaeriales , Sporocadaceae ) species allied with the stromata of entomopathogenic fungi in Taiwan

Hidden diversity of Pestalotiopsis and Neopestalotiopsis ( Amphisphaeriales , Sporocadaceae ) species allied with the stromata of entomopathogenic fungi in Taiwan