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AbstractNephridiophagids are unicellular fungi (  Chytridiomycota  ) that infect the Malpighian tubules of insects. Most species have been found in cockroach hosts and belong to the genus    Nephridiophaga   . Three additional genera have been described from beetles and an earwig. Here, we characterise morphologically and molecular phylogenetically the nephridiophagids of the European earwig    Forficula   auricularia    and the mallow beetle    Podagrica   malvae   . Their morphology and life cycle stages resemble those of other nephridiophagids, but their rRNA gene sequences support the existence of two additional genera. Whereas the earwig nephridiophagid (   Nephridiochytrium   forficulae    gen. nov. et sp. nov. ) forms a sister lineage of the    Nephridiophaga    cluster, the mallow beetle nephridiophagid (   Malpighivinco   podagricae    gen. nov. et sp. nov. ) represents the earliest divergent lineage within the nephridiophagids, being sister to all other species. Our results corroborate the hypothesis that different insect groups harbour distinct nephridiophagid lineages.

﻿New nephridiophagid genera ( Fungi , Chytridiomycota ) in a mallow beetle and an earwig

New nephridiophagid genera ( Fungi , Chytridiomycota ) in a mallow beetle and an earwig