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HC$_3$N is an ubiquitous molecule in interstellar environments, from externalgalaxies, to Galactic interstellar clouds, star forming regions, and planetaryatmospheres. Observations of its rotational and vibrational transitions provideimportant information on the physical and chemical structure of the aboveenvironments. We present the most complete global analysis of the spectroscopicdata of HC$_3$N. We have recorded the high-resolution infrared spectrum from450 to 1350 cm$^{-1}$, a region dominated by the intense $\nu_5$ and $\nu_6$fundamental bands, located at 660 and 500 cm$^{-1}$, respectively, and theirassociated hot bands. Pure rotational transitions in the ground andvibrationally excited states have been recorded in the millimetre andsub-millimetre regions in order to extend the frequency range so far consideredin previous investigations. All the transitions from the literature and fromthis work involving energy levels lower than 1000 cm$^{-1}$ have been fittedtogether to an effective Hamiltonian. Because of the presence of variousanharmonic resonances, the Hamiltonian includes a number of interactionconstants, in addition to the conventional rotational and vibrational l-typeresonance terms. The data set contains about 3400 ro-vibrational lines of 13bands and some 1500 pure rotational lines belonging to 12 vibrational states.More than 120 spectroscopic constants have been determined directly from thefit, without any assumption deduced from theoretical calculations orcomparisons with similar molecules. An extensive list of highly accurate restfrequencies has been produced to assist astronomical searches and datainterpretation. These improved data, have enabled a refined analysis of theALMA observations towards Sgr B2(N2).

the astrophysical journal. supplement series/astrophysical journal. supplement series

Rotational and high-resolution infrared spectrum of HC$_3$N: global  ro-vibrational analysis and improved line catalogue for astrophysical  observations