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For the first time, we present the simultaneous detection andcharacterization of three distinct phases at $>10^5$ K in $z=0$ absorption,using deep $\it{Chandra}$ observations toward Mrk 421. The extraordinarily highsignal-to-noise ratio ($\geqslant60$) of the spectra has allowed us to detect a$\it{hot}$ phase of the Milky Way circumgalactic medium (CGM) at3.2$^{+1.5}_{-0.5}\times$ 10$^7$ K, coexisting with a $\textit{warm-hot}$ phaseat 1.5$\pm$0.1$\times$10$^6$ K and a $\textit{warm}$ phase at3.0$\pm$0.4$\times$10$^5$ K. The $\textit{warm-hot}$ phase is at the virialtemperature of the Galaxy, and the $\textit{warm}$ phase may have cooled fromthe $\textit{warm-hot}$ phase, but the super-virial $\textit{hot}$ phaseremains a mystery. We find that [C/O] in the $\textit{warm}$ and$\textit{warm-hot}$ phases, [Mg/O] in the $\textit{warm-hot}$ phase and [Ne/O]in the $\textit{hot}$ phase are super-solar, and the $\textit{hot}$ and the$\textit{warm-hot}$ phases are $\alpha-$enhanced. Non-thermal line broadeningis evident in the $\textit{warm-hot}$ and the $\textit{hot}$ phases and itdominates the total line broadening. Our results indicate that the $>10^5$ KCGM is a complex ecosystem. It provides insights on the thermal and chemicalhistory of the Milky Way CGM, and theories of galaxy evolution.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

The hot circumgalactic medium of the Milky Way: evidence for  super-virial, virial, and sub-virial temperature, non-solar chemical  composition, and non-thermal line broadening