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We used VLT/XShooter to target a sample of nearby analogs of Lyman BreakGalaxies (LBGs). These Lyman Break Analogs (LBAs) are similar to the LBGs inmany of their physical properties. We determine electron temperatures using theweak [O III]4363 emission line, and determine the oxygen abundance (O/H) usingthe direct and strong line methods. We show that the direct and strong lineabundances are consistent with established relations within ~0.2 dex. Theanalogs have nitrogen-to-oxygen ratios (N/O) and ionization parameters (q) thatare, on average, offset with respect to typical local galaxies but similar togalaxies at z ~ 2 and other analogs. The N/O and q excesses correlate with theoffsets observed in the strong line ratios, again similar to z ~ 2. The starformation rate surface densities are consistent with the high electron densityand ionization, indicating that the interstellar medium (ISM) pressure is setby feedback from the starbursts. For a given O/H, the apparent N/O excessarises due to the offset in O/H with respect to the local mass-metallicityrelation. This can be explained by recent inflow of relatively metal-poor gaswhich lowers O/H while leaving N/O unchanged. The difficulties in determiningeven basic ISM parameters in these nearby analogs illustrates some of thechallenges we face at much higher redshifts, where similar rest-frame opticaldiagnostics for large samples of galaxies can be accessed with JWST.

VLT/XShooter spectroscopy of Lyman Break Analogs: direct method O/H abundances and nitrogen enhancements