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We construct a SCUBA-2 450-$\mu$m map in the COSMOS field that covers an areaof 300 arcmin$^{2}$ and reaches a 1$\sigma$ noise level of 0.65 mJy in thedeepest region. We extract 256 sources detected at 450 $\mu$m withsignal-to-noise ratio $>$ 4.0 and analyze the physical properties of theirmulti-wavelength counterparts. We find that most of the sources are at$z\lesssim3$, with a median of $z = 1.79^{+0.03}_{-0.15}$. About$35^{+32}_{-25}$% of our sources are classified as starburst galaxies based ontheir total star-formation rates (SFRs) and stellar masses ($M_{\ast}$). Byfitting the far-infrared spectral energy distributions, we find that our450-$\mu$m-selected sample has a wide range of dust temperatures (20 K $\lesssim T_{\rm d} \lesssim$ 60 K), with a median of ${T}_{\rm d} =38.3^{+0.4}_{-0.9}$ K. We do not find a redshift evolution in dust temperaturefor sources with $L_{\rm IR}$ > $10^{12}$ $\rm L_\odot$ at $z<3$. However, wefind a moderate correlation where dust temperature increases with the deviationfrom the SFR-$M_{\ast}$ relation. The increase in dust temperature alsocorrelates with optical morphology, which is consistent with merger-triggeredstarbursts in sub-millimeter galaxies. Our galaxies do not show the tightIRX-$\beta_{\rm UV}$ correlation that has been observed in the local Universe.We construct the infrared luminosity functions of our 450-$\mu$m sources andmeasure their comoving SFR densities. The contribution of the $L_{\rm IR}$ >$10^{12}$ $\rm L_\odot$ population to the SFR density rises dramatically from$z$ = 0 to 2 ($\propto$ ($1+z$)$^{3.9\pm1.1}$) and dominates the total SFRdensity at $z \gtrsim 2$.

astrophysical journal/the astrophysical journal

SCUBA-2 Ultra Deep Imaging Eao Survey (Studies) III: Multi-wavelength  properties, luminosity functions and preliminary source catalog of  450-$\mu$m-selected galaxies