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We present evidence that a region of high effective Ly$\alpha$ optical depthat $z\sim5.7$ is associated with an underdense region at the tail end of cosmicreionization. We carried out a survey of Lyman-break Galaxies (LBGs) usingSubaru Hyper Suprime-Cam in the field of the $z=5.98$ quasar J0148+0600, whosespectrum presents an unusually long ($\sim160 \mathrm{cMpc}$) and opaque ($\tau\gtrsim7$) Ly$\alpha$ trough at $5.5\le z\le 5.9$. LBG candidates were selectedto lie within the redshift range of the trough, and the projected numberdensities were measured within 90~cMpc of the quasar sightline. The regionwithin $8'$ (or $\approx 19~\mathrm{cMpc}$) of the quasar position is the mostunderdense of the whole field. The significance of the presence of the void isestimated to be $99\%$. This is consistent with the significant deficit ofLy$\alpha$ emitters (LAEs) at $z=5.72$ reported by Becker et al. and suggeststhat the paucity of LAEs is not purely due to the removal of the Ly$\alpha$emission by the high opacity but reflects a real coherent underdensity ofgalaxies across the entire redshift range of the trough. These observations areconsistent with scenarios in which large optical depth fluctuations arise dueto fluctuations in the galaxy-dominant UV background or due to residual neutralislands that are expected from reionization that is completed at redshifts aslow as $z\lesssim5.5$.

Evidence for a highly opaque large-scale galaxy void at the end of reionization