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Planet formation models suggest broad compositional diversity in thesub-Neptune/super-Earth regime, with a high likelihood for large atmosphericmetal content (> 100 x Solar). With this comes the prevalence of numerousplausible bulk atmospheric constituents including N2, CO2, H2O, CO, and CH4.Given this compositional diversity there is a critical need to investigate theinfluence of the background gas on the broadening of the molecular absorptioncross-sections and the subsequent influence on observed spectra. Thisbroadening can become significant and the common H2/He or "air" broadeningassumptions are no longer appropriate. In this work we investigate the role ofwater self-broadening on the emission and transmission spectra as well as onthe vertical energy balance in representative sub-Neptune/super-Earthatmospheres. We find that the choice of the broadener species can result in a10 -- 100 parts-per-million difference in the observed transmission andemission spectra and can significantly alter the 1-dimensional verticaltemperature structure of the atmosphere. Choosing the correct backgroundbroadener is critical to the proper modeling and interpretation of transitspectra observations in high metallicity regimes, especially in the era ofhigher precision telescopes such as JWST.

The Influence of H2O Pressure Broadening in High Metallicity Exoplanet Atmospheres