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Interstellar neutral hydrogen (ISN H) gas penetrates freely the heliopause.Inside the inner heliosheath, the charge-exchange interaction of this gas withthe shocked solar wind and pickup ions creates energetic neutral atoms (ENAs).ISN H is strongly depleted inside the termination shock but a fraction reachesthe Earth's orbit. In these regions of the heliosphere, ISN H is the sourcepopulation for interstellar pickup ions and for the heliospheric backscatterglow. The Globally Distributed Flux (GDF) of ENAs created in the innerheliosheath has been sampled directly by Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX).Based on these measurements, we calculate the density of the GDF ENA populationat the Earth's orbit. We find that this number density is between $10^{-4}$ and$10^{-3}$ cm$^{-3}$, i.e., comparable in magnitude to the number density of ISNH in the downwind portion of the Earth's orbit. Half of this atom populationhave energies less than $\sim 80$ eV. This GDF population of neutral hydrogenis likely to provide a significant contribution to the intensity ofheliospheric glow in the downwind hemisphere, may be the source of the innersource of hydrogen pickup ions, and may be responsible for the excess ofproduction of pickup ions found in the analysis of magnetic wave events inducedby the proton pickup process in the downwind region at 1 au from the Sun.

Energetic neutral atoms from the heliosheath as an additional population of neutral hydrogen in the inner heliosphere