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With the discovery of ever smaller and colder exoplanets, terrestrial worldswith hazy atmospheres must be increasingly considered. Our Solar System's Titanis a prototypical hazy planet, whose atmosphere may be representative of alarge number of planets in our Galaxy. As a step towards characterizing suchworlds, we present simulations of exoplanets that resemble Titan, but orbitthree different stellar hosts: G-, K-, and M-dwarf stars. We use generalcirculation and photochemistry models to explore the circulation and chemistryof these Titan-like planets under varying stellar spectra, in all casesassuming a Titan-like insolation. Due to the strong absorption of visible lightby atmospheric haze, the redder radiation accompanying later stellar typesproduces more isothermal stratospheres, stronger meridional temperaturegradients at mbar pressures, and deeper and stronger zonal winds. In all cases,the planets' atmospheres are strongly superrotating, but meridional circulationcells are weaker aloft under redder starlight. The photochemistry ofhydrocarbon and nitrile species varies with stellar spectra, with variations inthe FUV/NUV flux ratio playing an important role. Our results tentativelysuggest that column haze production rates could be similar under all threehosts, implying that planets around many different stars could have similarcharacteristics to Titan's atmosphere. Lastly, we present theoretical emissionspectra. Overall, our study indicates that, despite important and subtledifferences, the circulation and chemistry of Titan-like exoplanets arerelatively insensitive to differences in host star. These findings may befurther probed with future space-based facilities, like WFIRST, LUVOIR, HabEx,and OST.

Atmospheric circulation, chemistry, and infrared spectra of Titan-like exoplanets around different stellar types