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We present a survey of X-ray point sources in the nearest and dynamicallyyoung galaxy cluster, Virgo, using archival Chandra observations that samplethe vicinity of 80 early-type member galaxies. The X-ray source populations atthe outskirt of these galaxies are of particular interest. We detect a total of1046 point sources (excluding galactic nuclei) out to a projectedgalactocentric radius of $\sim$40 kpc and down to a limiting 0.5-8 keVluminosity of $\sim$$2\times10^{38}{\rm~erg~s^{-1}}$. Based on the cumulativespatial and flux distributions of these sources, we statistically identify$\sim$120 excess sources that are not associated with the main stellar contentof the individual galaxies, nor with the cosmic X-ray background. This excessis significant at a 3.5 $\sigma$ level, when Poisson error and cosmic varianceare taken into account. On the other hand, no significant excess sources arefound at the outskirt of a control sample of field galaxies, suggesting that atleast some fraction of the excess sources around the Virgo galaxies are trulyintra-cluster X-ray sources. Assisted with ground-based and HST optical imagingof Virgo, we discuss the origins of these intra-cluster X-ray sources, in termsof supernova-kicked low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXBs), globular clusters, LMXBsassociated with the diffuse intra-cluster light, stripped nucleated dwarfgalaxies and free-floating massive black holes.

Chandra Detection of Intra-cluster X-ray sources in Virgo