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Exoplanet host star activity, in the form of unocculted star spots orfaculae, alters the observed transmission and emission spectra of theexoplanet. This effect can be exacerbated when combining data from differentepochs if the stellar photosphere varies between observations due to activity.redHere we present a method to characterize and correct for relative changesdue to stellar activity by exploiting multi-epoch ($\ge$2 visits/transits)observations to place them in a consistent reference frame. Using measurementsfrom portions of the planet's orbit where negligible planet transmission oremission can be assumed, we determine changes to the stellar spectralamplitude. With the analytical methods described here, we predict the impact ofstellar variability on transit observations. Supplementing these forecasts withKepler-measured stellar variabilities for F-, G-, K-, and M-dwarfs, andpredicted transit precisions by JWST's NIRISS, NIRCam, and MIRI, we concludethat stellar activity does not impact infrared transiting exoplanetobservations of most presently-known or predicted TESS targets by current ornear-future platforms, such as JWST.

Forecasting the Impact of Stellar Activity on Transiting Exoplanet Spectra