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Of the nine confirmed transiting circumbinary planet systems, only Kepler-47is known to contain more than one planet. Kepler-47 b (the "inner planet") hasan orbital period of 49.5 days and a radius of about $3\,R_{\oplus}$. Kepler-47c (the "outer planet") has an orbital period of 303.2 days and a radius ofabout $4.7\,R_{\oplus}$. Here we report the discovery of a third planet,Kepler-47 d (the "middle planet"), which has an orbital period of 187.4 daysand a radius of about $7\,R_{\oplus}$. The presence of the middle planet allowsus to place much better constraints on the masses of all three planets, wherethe $1\sigma$ ranges are less than $26\,M_{\oplus}$, between$7-43\,M_{\oplus}$, and between $2-5\,M_{\oplus}$ for the inner, middle, andouter planets, respectively. The middle and outer planets have low bulkdensities, with $\rho_{\rm middle} < 0.68$ g cm$^{-3}$ and $\rho_{\rm outer} <0.26$ g cm$^{-3}$ at the $1\sigma$ level. The two outer planets are "tightlypacked," assuming the nominal masses, meaning no other planet could stablyorbit between them. All of the orbits have low eccentricities and are nearlycoplanar, disfavoring violent scattering scenarios and suggesting gentlemigration in the protoplanetary disk.

Discovery of a Third Transiting Planet in the Kepler-47 Circumbinary System