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In common osteological practice, there are few opportunities to verify the relationship between morphological similarity and the biological relatedness of individuals. This contribution expands knowledge in this area based on research into a family tomb from Vetlá (Bohemia, 19th–20th centuries), where 131 non-metric cranial traits were monitored in 7 skulls and the degree of similarity between individuals was calculated using a similarity coefficient. Trait frequencies were evaluated within the family and compared to a reference sample. Due to the small number of individuals statistical methods were not applied, and the authors focused on graphical representation of the results. It was confirmed that a positive relationship between the degree of similarity of individuals and their degree of relatedness is visible. At the same time, in the group of biologically related individuals a greater similarity and a lower degree of its variability was apparent than in unrelated individuals. The average frequency of all the evaluated traits together also appears to be higher in the family sample than in the reference sample. In addition, several individual traits were found to support the documented kinship of individuals, not only on the skulls but also on the scapula.

journal of the national museum. natural history series

Anthropological research into a family tomb from Vetlá cemetery (Bohemia, 19th–20th centuries), with a focus on the morphological similarity of biologically related individuals.