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Historical physical geography is an interdisciplinary scientific field at the intersection of geography and history, which has been developed in connection with the recognition by the scientific community of the importance of studying the relationships in the society-nature system. A great contribution to the establishment of a scientific direction was made by domestic and foreign scientists. Currently, historical and geographical research is becoming particularly relevant, which is associated with the humanization and greening of scientific knowledge and especially with the problem of climate change. Historical physical geography is conditionally divided into a number of industry areas that consider the processes of development and transformation of natural components (topography, hydrographic network, land cover, wildlife) in individual historical eras. An integrated approach is characteristic of historical landscape science, which allows us to systematically study the processes of anthropogenic transformation of geosystems and develop ways to solve environmental and social problems, whose roots are in the distant past. Research topics also include the study of natural resources involved in economic use at different stages of social development; historical nature management; reconstruction of the state of the nature components before and after the completion of intensive economic activity; ecological consequences of climatic fluctuations and changes in sea level. For historical landscape science, a combination of the natural science and humanitarian approach to the allocation of objects of study, the determination of the chronological framework of the study (time cross section), and the choice of methods are characteristic. The use of geographical, archaeological, historical and linguistic methods allows you to create schemes of historical and geographical periodization and regionalization of territories.

Basic stages of formation of physical-geographic directions of historical geography