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This study was carried out at Qlyasan location in Sulaimani region (Lat 35 o 34' 307''; N, long 45o 21' 992; E, 765 masl) for F3 generation of seven pea varieties (1-Avolla, 2-Americana, 3-Jeza, 4-Joneor, 5Packland, 6-Arvena and 7-Samara). The seeds of 21 F3 crosses and their parents were sown in Completely Randomized Block Design (CRBD).With three replicates. The results showed that the mean squares of genotypes, gca and sca were highly significant for seed weight plant -1 and most its important components. The parents Americana and Jeza recorded maximum values for all studied characters. The cross AvollaxAmericana recorded the highest value for seed weight plant -1 and pod weight plant -1 . The cross AvollaxPackland had the highest value for heterosis due to seed weight plant 1 122.114% and whole plant weight 147.111%. The parent Americana recorded maximum positive gca effect value for seed weight plant -1 and some its components pod length, pod weight plant -1 and 100seed weight. The crosses JezaxArvena recorded maximum positive sca effect value for seed weight plant -1 , while the cross AvollaxArvena showed maximum positive sca effect value for pod length and pod plant -1 . The average degree of dominance was more than one for all characters indicating to the importance of non additive gene effect in controlling the inheritance of these characters. Heritability in broad sense was high for seed weight plant -1 and some its components pods number plant -1 , pod weight plant -1 and 100-seed weight, while it was low in narrow sense for all characters. Key word: gca, sca, genotypes, heterosis, heritability ةيقارعلا ةيعارزلا مولعلا ةلجم 2020 : 51 ) 3 :) 848 855 قيفوت و نورخآ ليلحت ثلاثلا ليجلل يفصنلا يلدابتلا بيرضتلا F3 ءلازابلل (Pisum sativum L.) ةيناميلسلا ةقطنم فورظ تحت ، قا رعلا ناتسدروك ميلقا قيفوت ليعامسإ ناوريش زيزع ميرك رمع دمحأ دمحأ ناتساد نيمأةمح نيدلا مجن نابات ذاتسأ سردم سردم سردم و ةيتايحلا تاينقتلا مسق ةيناميلسلا ةعماج ,ةيعا رزلا ةسدنهلا مولع ةيلك ,ليصاحملا مولع ا صلختسمل ناسايلق ةطحم يف ةسا ردلا هذه تيرجأ ثلاثلا ليجلل ةيناميلسلا ةقطنم يف ةيعا رزلا ثوحبلل F3 ءلازابلا نم فانصأ ةعبس نم Avolla, Americana, Jeza, Joneor, Packland, Arvena and Samara) .) نجهلا هذه روذب تعرز 21 F3 ميمصت يف مهئابآ عم ةلماكلا تاعاطقلا (CRBD) وتم نأ جئاتنلا ترهظأ .تا رركم ثلاثب ةساقملا ةيثا رولا بيكا رتلل تاعبرملا طس gca , sca ةيلاع تناك تابن روذبلا نزول ةبسنلاب ةيونعملا 1 ءابلآا لجس .ةماهلا هتانوكم مظعمو Americana و Jeza .ةسوردملا تافصلا عيمجل ميقلا ىلعأ نيجهلا لجس AvollaxAmericana تابنروذبلا نزول ةميق ىلعأ 1 تابن تانرقلا نزو و 1 لا جتنأ . نيجه AvollaxPackland ىلعأ تابنروذبلا نزول نيجهلا ةوقل ةميق 1 122.114 تابن يلكلا نزولاو ٪ 1 147.111 فنصلا لجس .٪ Americana ىوصقلا ةميقلا ريثأتل gca تابنروذبلا نزول بجوملا 1 تابن تانرقلا نزو ، ةنرقلا لوط لثم اهتانوكم ضعب و 1 و نزو 100 نيجهلا لجس .ةرذب JezaxArvena ريثأتل ةبجوم ةميق ىلعأ sca تابن روذبلا نزول 1 نيجهلا رهظأ امنيب , AvollaxArvena ريثأتل ةبجوم ةميق ىلعأ sca تابن تانرقلا ددع و ةنرقلا لوطل 1 لدعم تناك . ةجرد ةدايسلا رثكأ نم دحاولا عيمجل تافصلا امم لدي ىلع ةيمهأ ريثأت لعفلا ينيجلا ريغ ضملا يف في تابن روذبلا نزول ةبسنلاب ةيلاع ماعلا اهانعم يف ثيروتلا ةجرد تناك .تافصلا هذه ىلع ةرطيسلا 1 ضعبو تابن تانرقلا ددع لثم اهتانوكم 1 تابن تانرقلا نزو ، 1 نزو و 100 ةرذب تافصلا عيمجل قيضلا ىنعملاب ةئطاو تناك نيح يف ، ةسوردملا . ةيحاتفم تاملك ،نيجهلا ةوق ،ايلا زبلا نيجه ،ةصاخلا و ةماعلا فلآتلا ةيلباق : .ثيروتلا ةجرد *Received:12/9/2019, Accepted:17/12/2019 Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences –2020:51(3):848-855 Towfiq & et al. 849 INTRODUCTION Garden pea (Pisum sativum var. hortense L.), belongs to leguminosae family, is one of the most popular vegetable crop grown all over the world, both for fresh market and the food processing industry. It has a prominent place among vegetables due to its high nutritive value, particularly proteins and other health building substances like carbohydrates vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium and phosphorus (14). Sharma et al., (15) carried out combining ability analysis from diallel cross of pea cultivars and found that gca variance were significant for all characters except pod breadth for which sca variance was higher. The per se performance of parents and crosses was usually associated with the combining ability effects. Singh et al., (18) derived information on combining ability in garden pea involving twenty one crosses and seven parents. The gca and sca variances were highly significant for all the traits (days to flowering, pods number plant -1 and pod length). The sca variances were predominant in comparisons to gca variances for all the characters that indicated the greater contribution of nonadditive gene action in the expression of these characters (10). Diallel cross and its analysis are considered to be one of the important program attained by breeding scientists for early generation testing of possible crosses between genotypes that produces the best crosses assigning from combined parent, then to introduce them in a breeding program to obtain new varieties and hybrids (4). The knowledge of gene action is very useful to a plant breeder in the selection of parents for hybridization, the estimation of some other genetic parameters and choice of breeding procedures for the genetic improvement of various quantitative characters. In an autogamous crop exploitation of non-additive genetic variance as such would be impractical. Genes are the functional units that govern the development of various characters of an individual. Gene action refers to the behavior or mode of expression of genes in a genetic population. Genes control synthesis of proteins which in turn control expression of various traits of organisms. Knowledge of gene action in plant breeding helps in the selection of parents for use in the hybridization programmers and also in the choice of appropriate breeding procedure for the genetics improvement of various quantitative characters. Klence insight into the nature of gene action involved in the expression of various quantitative characters is essential to a plant breeder for starting a judicious breeding program (16). Dominant alleles were more frequent in parental lines for the inheritance of most of the characters. Low to medium narrow sense heritability indicated presence of nonadditive gene action for most of the traits except for pod yield (21). Dhillon et al., (8) reported additive and non-additive gene effects governed the inheritance of all the studied characters. The additive gene effects were more pronounced for days to flower initiation; pods number plant -1 and pod length, whereas the non-additive gene effects were more pronounced for seeds number pod -1 , dry matter content and total green pod yield plant -1 . Sharma and Bora, (16) reported higher values of heritability in broad sense and genetic gain indicating that the additive gene actions are important in determining the characters green pod yield and days to 50% flowering revealed. Therefore, selection program based on these characters would be more effective in improving yield parameters of garden pea. Combining ability analysis for six physiological characters in pea revealed leaf area and chlorophyll-a/b ratio was governed by additive gene action, while both additive and non-additive gene actions were important for controlling some traits as found by (20). This study was aimed to estimate general and specific combining ability values for yield related traits among seven pea varieties and to identify appropriate parents and F3 crosses for the traits evaluated to assess their potential use in pea breeding programs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was conducted at Qlyasan Agricultural Research Station, College of Agricultural Engineering Sciences, University of Sulaimani (Lat 35 o 34' 307''; N, long 45o 21' 992; E, 765 masl), 2km North West of Sulaimani city. Seven field pea varieties (Avolla, Americana, Jeza, Joneor, Pack land, Arvena and Samara) were crossed in half diallel mating design without reciprocals. Seed of the F3 crosses with parental lines were sown Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences –2020:51(3):848-855 Towfiq & et al. 850 in Randomized complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Each plots consisted of 21 F3 and their parents (Table 1) on single 3m row with 0.4m row spacing and within the row 0.3m. Field management, fertilization and weed control were accomplished according to normal Field practice. At maturity, harvesting was accomplished by hands. Evaluated characters: Data of agronomic traits were recorded from five plants of each genotype from each replication: 1Days number to 50% flowering: The number of days to 50% flowering was recorded 2Whole plant weight (g) :The weight of five plants was average and recorded. 3Pod length (cm): The length of five pods was average and recorded. 4Seeds no. pod -1 :The number of seeds per five pods was counted and average was recorded as seeds number pod -1 . 5Pods no. plant -1 :The number of pod per five plants was counted and average was recorded as pods number plant -1 . 6Pod weight plant -1 (g) :The weight of pods of five plants was average and recorded. 7Seed weight pod -1 (g): The weight of seed pods -1 of five plants average and recorded. 8100-seed weight (g); ed were accounted and weight and recorded. 9Seed weight plant -1 (g): The weight of seeds of five plants was weighted, average and recorded. Genetic parameters: 1General combining ability (gca) 2Specific combining ability (sca) 3Heterosis % 4Heritability in Broad Sense 5Heritability in narrow Sense 6Average Degree of dominance (ā) Table 1. Studied breeding materials No. Crosses, and parental no. Parentage 1 1 × 2 Avolla × Americana 2 1 × 3 Avolla × Jeza 3 1 × 4 Avolla × Joneor 4 1 × 5 Avolla × Packland 5 1 × 6 Avolla × Arvena 6 1 × 7 Avolla × Samara 7 2 × 3 Americana × Jeza 8 2 × 4 Americana × Joneor 9 2 × 5 Americana × Packland 10 2 × 6 Americana × Arvena 11 2 × 7 Americana × Samara 12 3 × 4 Jeza × Joneor 13 3 × 5 Jeza × Packland 14 3 × 6 Jeza × A

HALF DIALLEL ANALYSIS FOR F3 GENERATION OF PEA (Pisum sativum L.) UNDER SULAIMANI CONDITION-IRAQ KURDISTAN REGION