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The paper presents an analysis of the basic principles of formation, the properties and characteristics of a new modular energy tool, consisting of the energy and the technology modules. The purpose of this study is to assess the degree of impact of the throttle in the hydraulic line, connecting the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder, upon the controllability of the modular power tool with a mounted plough during the movement of the ploughing aggregate on the headland. As a result of the conducted tests, it was proved that increasing the controllability of the movement of the aggregate on the basis of a mobile power tool is possible by throttling one of the hydraulic cylinders that limit the mutual reciprocal rotation of the modules in a horizontal plane. Installation of the throttle modular power tool on the limiting hydraulic cylinder with a drag coefficient 1.03×10 6 ∙N∙m∙s∙rad –1 allows one to reduce two times the delay in the reaction of the relative bearing of the energy module to a change in the angle of rotation of its driven wheels. ABSTRAKTS Darbā analizēti jauna moduļa tipa enerģētiska un tehnoloģiska līdzekļa vērtēšanas un raksturošanas pamatprincipi. Pētījumu mērķis – droseles ietekmes pakāpes novērtēšana hidrocilindru dobumus savienojošajā hidromaģistrālē aršanas agregāta ar uzkarināmu arklu kustības laikā pagrieziena joslā. Pētījumu rezultātā pierādījies, ka agregāta kustības vadības uzlabošanās uz mobilā enerģētiskā līdzekļa bāzes iespējama pie viena hidrocilindra droselēšanas, ierobežojot moduļu savstarpējo pagriešanos horizontālā plaknē. Ierobežojoša hidrocilindra uzstādīšana moduļa tipa enerģētiskajam līdzeklim ar droseles pretestības koeficientu 1.03×10 6 ∙N∙m∙s∙rad –1 ļauj divas reizes samazināt enerģētiskā moduļa virziena leņķa reakcijas nokavēšanos uz dzenošo riteņu pagriešanos. INTRODUCTION Agriculture is the largest user of tractor equipment used to perform field work. One of the perspective directions is the modular construction of tractors (Pădureanu et al., 2013; Klets, 2013; Bindi et al, 2013). In this embodiment, the tractor consists of the energy and the technological modules. Their combination in a single design of a machine-and-tractor aggregate is a modular energy tool (Fig. 1). The controllability of tractors was investigated by many scientists (Wong, 2008; Taran and Bondarenko, 2017, Aoki et al., 2009; Bochtis et al., 2010; Popa and Buculei, 2013). However, the controllability of energy modular units has a number of features and their further detailed study is required. An energy module is a tractor the energy saturation of which should ideally be more than 14 kW∙t –1 . However, as practice shows, under real conditions, the efficiency of using a modular energy tool can also occur with a lower energy saturation of the energy module (Bulgakov et al., 2015). The technological module of the modular energy tool is a bridge the wheels of which are driven from a synchronous power take-off shaft of the energy module (Kutjkov, 2004; Gjachev, 1981). 1 Ivanovs S., Dr.Eng, Bulgakov V., Prof. Ph.D. Eng; Nadykto V., Prof. Ph.D.; Ihnatiev Ye., Dr.; Smolinskyi S., Dr.; Kiernicki Z., Prof. Ph.Dr. Vol. 61, No. 2 / 2020 INMATEH – 10 In the frontal part of the technological module there is a hitch mechanism with which it is attached to the rear mounted mechanism of the energy module. Coordination of the peripheral linear speeds of the wheels of the technological module and the rear wheels of the energy module is carried out using a special gearbox, located on the frame of the technological module. Fig. 1 A modular energy tool For aggregation with the agricultural implements the technological module is equipped with a hydraulic mounted system, its own power take-off shaft, a saddle device and a brake system. In a horizontal plane the energy module is connected to the technology module by means of a vertical hinge. Its presence ensures the rotation of the technological module relative to the energy module by ± 30° during the movement of the modular energy tool on the headland. In a longitudinal-vertical plane the energy module is connected to the technology module using a horizontal hinge. Due to it the modular energy tool can carry out quite satisfactory copying of the longitudinal profile of the field surface. The limited turning ability of the technological module relative to the energy module in a horizontal plane is provided by two hydraulic cylinders, connecting the frames of the energy and the technological modules. To ensure the flow of oil from the over-piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder into the under-piston cavity, the cavities are interconnected by a hydraulic line. However, in the process of experimental research of the modular energy tool it was found that, when it moves as part of the aggregate on the headland, the technological module may have increased vibrations in a horizontal plane. As a result, a decrease in the movement speed of the modular energy tool on the field headland was required. And this, as it is known, leads to lower efficiency of this or that machine-and-tractor aggregate (Bulgakov et al., 2018; Samorodov and Pelipenko,2016). To eliminate this drawback, a throttle with a resistance coefficient Km = 1.03×10 6 ∙Н∙m∙s∙rad –1 was mounted in the hydraulic hose of one of the hydraulic cylinders, connecting the energy and the technological modules (Fig. 2). The substantiation methodology of the value of this coefficient is described in detail in (Bulgakov et al., 2019). The purpose of this study is to assess the impact degree of the use of the aforementioned inductor with a resistance coefficient Km = 1.03×106 Н m s rad –1 upon the controllability of a modular power tool with a mounted plough during the movement of this ploughing machine-and-tractor aggregate on the headland. Fig. 2 An installation scheme of a throttle in the hydraulic cylinder, connecting the energy and the technological modules of the modular energy tool EM – the energy module; TM – the technology module; Km – the inductor generating the resistance coefficient Vol. 61, No. 2 / 2020 INMATEH – 11 MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental research of the ploughing aggregate based on a modular energy tool (table 1) were carried out on the field after peeling stubble of winter wheat (Fig. 3). Table 1 Technical characteristics of a modular energy tool

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE MOVEMENT CONTROLLABILITY OF A MACHINE-AND-TRACTOR AGGREGATE OF THE MODULAR TYPE