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In view of the shortcomings of low uniformity and high discrete of fertilization in orchard, the Discrete Element Method was used to study the fertilization mechanism of the orchard ditching fertilizer applicator. Firstly, on the basis of studying the existing linear fertilizer guiding mechanism, a concave and convex fertilizer guiding mechanism was proposed, and a virtual simulation model of three fertilizer guiding mechanisms was established. Secondly, the basic parameters of granular organic fertilizers were analyzed, and the kinetic model was established by combining the kinetic analysis during the falling process. Finally, the uniformity of fertilization was evaluated by discrete coefficient and was set as the target. The discrete element simulation optimization experiments were carried out on the concave, linear, convex and different curvature radius of the fertilizer guiding mechanism, and the optimal concave fertilizer guiding mechanism and its optimal radius of curvature were optimized. Simulation and field experiments show that among the three kinds of fertilizer guiding mechanisms, the discrete coefficient of the convex fertilizer guiding mechanism is the smallest and the uniformity of fertilization is the highest; in the convex fertilizer guiding mechanism with different curvature radius, the coefficient of discrete is the smallest and the uniformity of fertilization is the highest when the radius of curvature is 600mm; after optimization, the discrete coefficient was reduced from 0.51 to 0.26, and the uniformity of fertilization was increased by 49.02%. This provides scientific basis for design optimization of orchard ditching fertilizer applicator. Key-Words: Fertilizer Guiding Mechanism, DEM, Simulation optimization, Discrete coefficient, Uniformity

OPTIMIZATION RESEARCH OF FERTILIZER GUIDING MECHANISM BASED ON THE DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD