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The present work had the goal of evaluating the presence of the Shiga-Toxin-Producing bacterium Escherichia coli (STEC) in diarrheic calves, its resistance profile against the antimicrobials usually employed in clinical practice, and evaluating the antimicrobial activity of the plant extract of the leaves of Eugenia uniflora L. against the isolates. The samples were obtained from animals belonging to dairy farms in the South of Minas Gerais and submitted to microbial isolation and identification. Molecular assays were performed, by the search for genes stx1 and stx2, for STEC identification. The isolates were subjected to tests of antimicrobial sensitivity to the drugs usually employed in clinical treatment, using the disk diffusion method. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the antimicrobials gentamicin and sulfamethoxazole+trimethoprim was performed by the Etest technique. The sensitivity of the plant extract was investigated by the methods of diffusion in agar and broth microdilution, and the MIC and the Minimal Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) were determined. From the isolates analyzed, 17% presented the searched genes isolated (10%stx1 and 1%stx2) and in combination (6%stx1+stx2). These isolates also presented multiresistance to the antimicrobials tested. The hydroalcoholic extract of the E. uniflora leaves presented antimicrobial activity against all isolates analyzed, with a MIC of 12.5 mg/mL and bacteriostatic activity. The data obtained contribute to the knowledge of STEC incidence associated to bovine diarrhea and point to the need of monitoring and controlling these multiresistant enteropathogens. Although Eugenia uniflora L. shows a potential antimicrobial action in vitro, other preclinical and/or clinical studies must be developed in order to ensure its therapeutic application.

Incidence of Shiga-Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) in Diarrheic Calvesand its Profile of Sensitivity to Antimicrobials and to the Extract of Eugeniauniflora L.