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Fungal infections in skin tissue can be caused by yeasts, dermatophytes and filamentous, non-dermatophyte fungi, the latter emerging in immunosuppressed patients. The clinical characteristics of the lesion usually correlate with the type of fungus observed in mycological research, the way the host responds to infection, the anatomical region and the affected tissue. The present work carried through from January/2018 to January/2019, had as objective to investigate and to characterize the clinical, epidemiological and laboratorial aspects of the superficial and cutaneous mycoses, in order to determine the epidemiological profile of the fungal infections by means of mycological exams in patients attended in the city of Petrolina-PE. 31 patients with suspected superficial mycosis were sent for mycological collection, and in 5 cases the patients presented lesions in two different anatomical sites, giving a total of 36 biological samples. Of the 36 biological samples taken from regions with suspicion of superficial mycosis, 88% presented positive diagnosis. However, of the exams with positive diagnosis, 91% presented positivity to the direct examination of you, and 9% only to the direct examination, being that these three cases were clinically suggestive and in direct examination for pityriasevesicolor. There were more positive diagnoses for onychomycosis 53% and pityriasis versicolor 19%. In decreasing order, tinea pedis12, 5%; tineacorporis 9%; tinea capitis 3%%; tineacruris 3%. There was a greater occurrence of yeast fungi 59%, represented mainly by Malasseziasp 12.5% and Candidasp 15% followed by dermatophytic filaments 28 % represented mainly by Trichophytonrubrum 25% and of non dermatophytic filamentous fungi 12.5%, with a greater occurrence of Fusariumsolani 9%. In the yeasty fungi, Malasseziaspp presented greater occurrence in cases of pityriasis versicolor 12,5%. However it was also detected in cases of clinical suspicion of tinea capitis 3%. Candidaspp was the most incident causal agent in onychomycosis 34%. Of the filamentous dermatophytic fungi, Thichophytonrubrum presented higher incidence in onychomycosis 12,5%, being also detected in tinea pedis 9%, tineacorporis 9% and tineacruris 3%. As for dermatophytic fungi, Scytalidiumdimidiatum was observed in cases of onychomycosis 6% and tinea pedis 3%. The female sex was the most affected by the superficial mycosis 66 %, represented mainly by onychomycosis 31%. In the male sex there was an incidence of mycosis observed in two anatomical regions, and even fungus was confirmed in direct examination and culture, occurring by dermatophytic fungus T. Rubrum. It is also important to emphasize the relationship between the incidence of superficial mycosis and seasonality and social classes were not significant. Finally, in this work it was possible to verify that onychomycosis and pityriasis versicolor are the most frequent superficial mycoses in the studied environment, and that Candidasp and Malasseziasp were the most frequent ethological agents. The female sex is the most affected, being onychomycosis and superficial mycosis the most frequent. In the male sex there was a higher occurrence of dermatophyte fungi T. rubrum. The influence of seasonality on the incidence of superficial mycosis has not been demonstrated.

brazilian journal of health review

Especies fúngicas responsáveis por onicomicoses em pacientes atendidos no municipio de Petrolina, Pernambuco / Fungal species responsible for onychomycosis in patients served in the city of Petrolina, Pernambuco