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Analyzing the interaction between land use patterns (LUPs) and socioeconomic factors (SEFs) could provide a basis for regional land spatial planning and management decisions in the future. In this study, population, gross domestic product (GDP) and land use intensity were selected to explain the relationship between SEFs and LUPs. The study designed a new method of sample line acquisition for wavelet analysis, and identified the interaction grid scales of LUP changes with SEFs in 1991, 2005 and 2019 by using cross wavelet transform analysis (XWT). Wavelet transform coherent analysis (WTC) was used to reveal the interaction direction and impact strength between LUPs and SEFs. The results showed that: (1) There were two ranges of 2978–5008 m and 24,400–29,738 m in which the grid scales showing interaction between LUPs and SEFs (population, GDP and land use intensity) from 1991 to 2019 were overlapping. (2) The interaction direction between LUPs and SEFs from 1991 to 2019 was almost negative on all sample lines, while the interaction directions of the middle sample line of population and GDP from 1991 to 2019, the end sample line of GDP in 2019, and the start sample line of land use intensity in 1991 were positive. (3) Dry land, grassland and construction land were most affected by SEFs, followed by paddy fields, forest land and other land, and the least affected were water areas during 1991 to 2019. The impact of population and GDP on LUPs was reduced, while the impact of land use intensity on LUPs was increased from 1991 to 2019. Overall, population, GDP and land use intensity were the important SEFs in the changes of LUPs, and were important factors for social progress and economic development.

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The Interaction Relationship between Land Use Patterns and Socioeconomic Factors Based on Wavelet Analysis: A Case Study of the Black Soil Region of Northeast China