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The sunflower family (Asteraceae) comprises of over 650 species making it the largest plant family in Pakistan. Members of this family are extremely diverse including weed plants such as Parthenium hysterophorus. The word endophyte means ‘in the plant’, the term includes the microbial colonizers which take up residence in the inner tissues of plants. Recently, Streptomyces species have been described in the plant tissues. It is noted that the possibility of re-isolation of compounds from soil actinomycetes has increased making it crucial that unexplored habitats be pursued for the search for new compounds. Considering this idea, we explored the diversity of endophytic Streptomyces residing in the common weed, Parthenium hysterophorus. A variety of Streptomyces sp. were identified through 16S gene sequencing that were not reported in prior studies to the best of our knowledge. The isolates were screened for their antimicrobial potential particularly against multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens and for the diversity of their secondary metabolites through thin layer chromatography (TLC) and High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV). The staining of the TLC plates by reagents such as Ehrlich’s reagent and anisaldehyde /H2SO4 revealed indoles and N-heterocycles whereas the HPLC-UV chromatograms revealed peaks of diverse compounds.

&lt;strong&gt;Diversity of Bioactive Endophytic &lt;em&gt;Streptomyces&lt;/em&gt; sp. Residing in a Common Weed, &lt;em&gt;Parthenium hysterophorus&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Asteraceae&lt;/em&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Heliantheae&lt;/em&gt;)&lt;/strong&gt;