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The receptor tyrosine kinase c-MET regulates processes essential for tissue remodeling and mammalian development. The dysregulation of c-MET signaling plays a role in tumorigenesis. The aberrant activation of c-MET, such as that caused by gene amplification or mutations, is associated with many cancers. c-MET is therefore an attractive therapeutic target, and inhibitors are being tested in clinical trials. However, inappropriate patient selection criteria, such as low amplification or expression level cut-off values, have led to the failure of clinical trials. To include patients who respond to MET inhibitors, the selection criteria must include MET oncogenic addiction. Here, the efficacy of ABN401, a MET inhibitor, was investigated using histopathologic and genetic analyses in MET -addicted cancer cell lines and xenograft models. ABN401 was highly selective for 571 kinases, and it inhibited c-MET activity and its downstream signaling pathway. We performed pharmacokinetic profiling of ABN401 and defined the dose and treatment duration of ABN401 required to inhibit c-MET phosphorylation in xenograft models. The results show that the efficacy of ABN401 is associated with MET status and they highlight the importance of determining the cut-off values. The results suggest that clinical trials need to establish the characteristics of each sample and their correlations with the efficacy of MET inhibitors.

Therapeutic Efficacy of ABN401, a Highly Potent and Selective MET Inhibitor, Based on Diagnostic Biomarker Test in MET-Addicted Cancer