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Thinopyrum ponticum  (2 n  = 10 x  = 70) is a wild relative of wheat with high tolerance to both biotic and abiotic stresses; it has been wildly used in wheat genetic improvement. A disomic substitution line named SN19647 was derived from a cross between  Triticum aestivum  and the wheat– Th. ponticum  partial amphiploid SNTE20 (2 n  = 8 x  = 56). It was evaluated for disease resistance and characterized  via  sequential fluorescence  in situ  hybridization (FISH)-genomic  in situ  hybridization (GISH) and molecular markers. The results showed that SN19647 carried resistance to both powdery mildew and leaf rust. It contained 42 chromosomes with a pair of wheat chromosome 1B replaced by a pair of J S  chromosomes from  Th. ponticum . In addition to chromosomal substitution events, structural variation also occurred on wheat chromosomes 2A, 5A, 6B, and 7B. Based on marker analysis, 19 markers specific to the J S  chromosome were obtained, of which seventeen markers belonged to homoeologous group one. These results indicated that SN19647 was a 1J S  (1B) substitution line. Compared with the known 1J S  (1D) substitution line CH10A5, it was found that 17 markers generated different specific bands to  Th. ponticum , confirming the novelty of the 1J S  chromosome in SN19647. Therefore, SN19647, resistant to powdery mildew and leaf rust, was a novel 1J S  (1B) substitution line that can be used in wheat genetic improvement.

Molecular Cytogenetic Identification of a Novel Wheat–Thinopyrum ponticum 1JS (1B) Substitution Line Resistant to Powdery Mildew and Leaf Rust